A. Fill in the blanks with suitable words.
1. Proteins are also called body building compounds.
2. Protective foods include minerals and vitamins.
3. Fats get stored in the body to provide energy if required later.
4. Water and dietary fibres have no nutritive value but are a part of balanced diet.
5. Lack of nutrients in food leads to deficiency diseases.
Multiple choice questions-
1. Which of the following does not provide energy?
ans. water
2. Which mineral helps in the formation of haemoglobin?
ans. iron
3. Sugar and starch are
ans. carbohydrates
4. When iodine solution turns blue- black, it shows the presence of
ans. starch
5. Deficiency of vitamin D causes
ans. Soft bones
Very Short answer (One Word Answer)
1. Sugar provides energy faster than starch.
ans. true
2. Dificiency of this vitamin causes rickets
ans. Vitamin C
3. Mineral vital for boons and teeth.
ans. Calcium
4.Beri-beri is caused due to deficiency of vitamin C. true/false
ans. False
5. Vitamins that keep the gums healthy
ans. C
6. One example of water soluble vitamins
ans. Vitamin B. and C
Class VI Chapter
Short Answer question
1. Define the following
a. Nutrient:-
Food provide certain chemical substances that are needed for our body. These substances or components are called nutrients.
b. Balanced diet:-
A diet which contains all nutrients,i.e. carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water and fibres required for the proper maintenance of health and proper growth. They are called balanced diet.
2. Name the various components of food with one sources for each.
Ans. The components of food with their sources are ;
Carbohydrates- sugar, rice
Proteins- Soyabean
Fats-oils, nuts,
Vitamins-vegetables and fruits
Mineral- calcium
Dietary Fibre-all leafy vegetables
water-natural bodied, water melon
3. Why do we need proteins in our diet?
ans. Proteins are body-building components. They required for the growth and maintenance of body. So, therefore we need proteins in our diet.
4. What are deficiency diseases? Name any two of them.
ans. If any of the nutrients are lacking in our diet, our general health goes down causing health related-troubles. That's called deficiency diseases.
Scurvy (bleeding gums and weakness) and Beri-Beri (Weak muscles, low-energy) are the examples of such deficiency diseases.
5. What is protective food?
ans. Vitamins and Minerals are protective foods as they protect the body from diseases.
6. What are the symptoms of marasmus?
ans. It is the disease commonly seen in infants. Main symptoms are:-
(i) body becomes lean and thin.
(ii) skin becomes wrinkled.
(iii) Swelling of stomach, loss of appetite.
Long Answer questions.
1. Explain the importance of different types of vitamins for the body.
ans. There are six known vitamins namely A,B, C, D, E and K
Vitamin A:-
It keeps our skin smooth and the linings of our mouth, nose, throat, lungs and intestines healthy. It is necessary for healthy eyes too. It is because of Vitamin A we are able to see in dim light.
Vitamin B:-
It helps our body use the energy we get from food. It is needed for healthy blood.
Vitamin C:-
It helps our body to heal cuts, wounds and burns. By getting enough Vitamin C may help in fighting against certain type of cancer.
Vitamin D:-
It helps to fight against a bone disease called rickets. The sunlight is the source of Vitamin D.
Vitamin E:-
It acts as antioxidant. It helps our body cells from being damaged.
Vitamin K:-
It is necessary for blood clotting. Excessive bleeding causes due to lack of Vitamin K.
2. Name two nutrients that do not have any nutritive value. Explain their importance.
ans. Water and dietary fibres are the two nutrients that have no nutritive value. However, their importance in our body cannot be ignored.
Importance of water:-
- It maintains our body temperature and helps in digestion, absorption of food.
- It also helps in throwing out wastes from the body as urine and sweat. 70 % of our body is made of water.
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Importance of dietary fibres:-
- It helps in getting rid of undigested food.
- Fibre in food makes the stool soft and easy to pass. Deficiency of it leads to constipation.
- It also lowers cholesterol and helps in weight reduction.
3. Name the three major food-groups. Give three examples of each food group.
Ans. The three major groups of food are as under:-
Energy-Giving Foods
These comprise of carbohydrates and fats, which provide us with most of the energy required.
Body-Building Foods
These are rich in proteins and are involved in growth and repair of body cells.
Protective Foods
These are rich in vitamins and minerals and are involved in building up the body immune system.
4. How will you test the following nutrients?
(a) Fats:
Rub Food sample onto a paper and leave it to dry. Clear stain appears food when held up to light. So if an oily patch appears on paper by rubbing the food sample, it definitely contains fat.
(b) Starch
- Take two test tubes.
- Mark them A and B.
- Then Take some water in test tube A and starch solution in test tube B.
- With the help of a dropper put in a few drops of iodine solution in both the test tubes. Note the colour.
Observation: The iodine solution (orange colour) imparts blue-black colour to starch solution.
So if food sample turns blue-black with iodine solution, it definitely contains starch.
(c) Protein
Take a small quantity of food to be tested then make it a powder or paste
Put it in a test-tube and add 10 drops of water in it then shake it. With the help of dropper put in two or more drops of copper sulphate.Then, add TEN drops of sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) in the solution. At last shake well for a few minutes.
Observation:
A purple coluring appears in food sample solution. Violet colour means it definitely contains proteins.
5. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of iodine? What are its symptoms? How can it be prevented?
ans. Disease caused by the deficiency of iodine is Goitre. The following symptoms can be seen in the body when it has the disease
Thyroid glands enlarged
Mental disability in children
Consumption of idoised and sea-food helps us to prevent the Goitre.
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